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|death_place = Ahmadabad-e Mosaddeq, Iran |spouse = Zia os-Saltane (1901–1965) |children = 5 |alma_mater = Sciences Po University of Neuchâtel |party = National Front |religion = Twelver Shia Islam |signature = Mohammad_mossadegh_Signature.svg }} Mohammad Mosaddegh or Mosaddiq ((ペルシア語:مُحَمَد مُصَدِق); ; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967), was an Iranian politician. He was the democratically elected〔Andrew Burke, Mark Elliott & Kamin Mohammadi, ''Iran'' (Lonely Planet, 2004; ISBN 1740594258), p. 34.〕〔''Cold War and the 1950s'' (Social Studies School Service, 2007: ISBN 1560042931), p. 108.〕〔Loretta Capeheart and Dragan Milovanovic, ''Social Justice: Theories, Issues, and Movements'' (Rutgers University Press, 2007; ISBN 0813540380), p. 186.〕 Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953, when his government was overthrown in a coup d'état orchestrated by the American Central Intelligence Agency and the British Secret Intelligence Service. An author, administrator, lawyer, and prominent parliamentarian, his administration introduced a range of progressive social and political reforms such as social security, rent control, and land reforms. His government's most notable policy, however, was the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC / ) (later British Petroleum and BP).〔Daniel Yergin, ''The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power'' (ISBN 9781439110126).〕 Many Iranians regard Mosaddegh as the leading champion of secular democracy and resistance to foreign domination in Iran's modern history. Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the CIA at the request of MI6, which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh. While the coup is commonly referred to in the West as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death and was buried in his own home so as to prevent a political furor. ==Early life== Mosaddegh was born to a prominent family of high officials in Tehran on 16 June 1882; his father, Mirza Hideyatu'llah Ashtiani, was a finance minister under the Qajar dynasty, and his mother, Shahzadi Malika Taj Khanum, was the granddaughter of the reformist Qajar prince Abbas Mirza, and a great granddaughter of Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar.〔Mohammad Mossadegh: Political biography By Farhad Dība, p4〕〔The Cold War, 1945-1991: Leaders and other important figures in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, China, and the Third World by Benjamin Frankel〕 When Mosaddegh's father died in 1892, his uncle was appointed the tax collector of the Khorasan province and was bestowed with the title of Mosaddegh-os-Saltaneh by Nasser al-Din Shah. Mosaddegh himself later bore the same title, by which he was still known to some long after titles were abolished.〔Peter Avery, ''Modern Iran'' (Praeger, 1965), p. 273: "Older people still speak of Dr. Musaddiq as Musaddiqu's-Saltanah."〕 In 1901, Mosaddegh married Zahra Khanum (1879–1965), a granddaughter of Nasser al-Din Shah through her mother. The couple had five children, two sons (Ahmad and Ghulam Hussein) and three daughters (Mansura, Zia Ashraf and Khadija). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mohammad Mosaddegh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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